Is Russia’s fuel crisis a temporary squeeze or the collapse of an industry? Two leading economists debated the question, unable to agree on how much refining capacity is left.

On August 17, Sergey Vakulenko, a senior fellow at the Berlin-based Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center, said on The Breakfast Show that despite Ukrainian strikes on oil refineries, Russia’s refining output remains fairly high. By his estimate, refining has fallen by only 25–28%. Two days later, economic commentator Vyacheslav Shiryaev criticized Vakulenko on…